Oiled Sea Otter Rehabilitation Course

Literature Cited

Costa, D. P., and G. L Kooyman. 1982. Oxygen consumption, thermoregulation, and the effects of oiling and washing on the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). Canadian Journal of Zoology 60 (11): 2761-67.

Davis, R. W., T. M. Williams, J. A. Thomas, R. A. Kastelein, and L. H. Cornell. 1988. The effects of oil contamination and cleaning on sea otters (Enhydra lutris). 11: Metabolism, thermoregulation, and behavior. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66 (12): 2782-90.

Donoghue, S. 1989. Nutritional support of hospitalized patients. Veterinary clinics of North America: Small animal practice 19 (3): 475-05.

Doroff, A. M., and J. L. Bodkin. 1994. %26quot;Sea otter foraging behavior and hydrocarbon levels in prey.” In Marine Mammals and the Exxon Valdez. T. R. Loughlin, ed. 193-208. San Diego: Academic Press, Inc.

Dunn, J. L. 1990. ‘Bacterial and mycotic diseases of cetaceans and pinnipeds.’ In CRC handbook of marine mammal medicine: Health, disease and rehabilitation. L. A. Dierauf, ed., 73-88. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Ferrante, P 1990. ‘Food procurement and feeding of sea otters during the T/ V Exxon Valdez oil spill.’ In Sea otter symposium: Proceedings of a symposium to evaluate the response effort on behalf of sea otters after the TIV Exxon Valdez oil spill into Prince William Sound, Anchorage, Alaska, 1-1 9 April 1990. K. Bayha and J. Kormendy, eds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 90 (12): 321-22.

Fowler, M. E., and J. Theobald. 1978. ‘Immunizing procedures.’ In Zoo and wild animal medicine. M. E. Fowler, ed., 614. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Harris, R. K., R. B. Moeller, T. P. Lipscomb, R. J. Haebler, P. A. Tuomi, C. R. McCormick, A. R. DeGange, D. Mulcahey, T. D. Williams, and J. M. Pletcher. 1990. ‘Identification of a herpes-like virus in sea otters during rehabilitation after the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill.” In Sea otter symposium: Proceedings of a symposium to evaluate the response effort on behalf of sea otters after the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill into Prince William Sound, Anchorage,, Alaska, 1-19 April 1990. K. Bayha and J. Kormendy, eds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 90 (12): 366-68.

Kenyon, K. W. 1969. The sea otter in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. North American Fauna 68:1-325.

Kvitek, R. G., C. E. Bowlby, and M. Staedler. 1993. Diet and foraging behavior of sea otters in southeast Alaska. Marine Mammal Science 9 (2): 168-81.

Pennington, J. A. T, and H. N. Church. 1985. Bowes and Church’s food values of portions commonly used, 14th ed. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co.

Reidman, M. L., and J. A. Estes. 1990. Sea otter, Enhydra lutris: ecology, behavior, and natural history. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 90(14):1-126.

Souci, S. W., W. Fachmann, and H. Kraut. 1989. Food composition and nutrition tables, 4th ed. Stuttgart: Wissenschaffliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH.

Sweeney, J. C. 1965. Common diseases of pinnipeds. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 147:1090.

Tuomi, P. A. 1990. ‘Husbandry at the Valdez otter rehabilitation center.’ In Sea otter symposium: Proceedings of a symposium to evaluate the response effort on behalf of sea otters after the TIV Exxon Valdez oil spill into Prince William Sound, Anchorage, Alaska, 1-1 9 April 1990. K. Bayha and J. Kormendy, eds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 90 (12): 274-84.

United States Department of Agriculture. 1992. ‘Specifications for the humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of marine mammals.” In: Animal and plant health inspection service regulations, subchapter A, subpart E. U.S. Government Printing Office 1993-341-318:80009, 84-102.

Wallach, J. D., and W. J. Boever. 1983. “Mustelidae.” In Diseases of exotic animals, 495-533. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Williams, T. D. 1990. ‘Sea otter biology and medicine.’ In CRC handbook of marine mammal medicine. L. A. Dierauf, ed., 625-48. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Wilson, R. K., Tuomni, P. A., Schroeder, J. P., and T. D. Williams. 1990. “Clinical treatment and rehabilitation of oiled sea otters.” In Sea otter rehabilitation program: 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. T. M. Williams and R. W. Davis, eds., 101-17. Report to Exxon Company, USA. International Wildlife Research.