Baker, J. R, A. M. Jones, T. P. Jones, and II. C. Watson. 1981. Otter, Lutra lutra L. mortality and marine oil pollution. Biological Conservation 20:311-21.
Calkins, D. G., and K. B. Schneider. 1985. “The sea otter (Enhydra lutris).” In Marine mammals species accounts. J. J. Burns, K. J. Frost, and L. F. Lowry, eds. Alaska Department of Fish and Game Technical Bulletin 7:37-45.
Costa, D. P., and G. L. Kooyman. 1982. Oxygen consumption, thermoregulation, and the effects of fur oiling and washing on the sea otter, Enhydra lutris. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60 (11): 2761-67.
Cramer, D. W. 1990. “Transportation of sea otters to rehabilitation centers.” In Sea otter symposium: Proceedings of a symposium to evaluate the response effort on behalf of sea otters after the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill into Prince William Sound, Anchorage, Alaska, 17-19 April 1990. K. Bayha and J. Kormendy, eds. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Biological Report 90 (12): 91-94.
Davis, R W., T. M. Williams, and F. Awbrey. 1988a. Sea otter oil spill avoidance study. Final report to U.S. Department of Interior, Minerals Management Service. DCS Study, MMS-88-051.
Davis, R W., T. M. Williams, J. A. Thomas, R A. Kastelein, and L. H. Cornell. 1988b. The effects of oil contamination and cleaning on sea otters (Enhydra lutris). II. Metabolism, thermoregulation, and behavior. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66 (12): 2782-90.
Kenyon, K. W. 1969. The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean. North American Fauna 68:1-352.
Siniff, D. B., T. D. Williams, A. M. Johnson, and D. L. Garshelis. 1982. Experiments on the response of sea otters, Enhydra lutris, to oil contamination. Biological Conservation 23:261-72.
Stulken, D. E., and C. M. Kirkpatrick. 1955. Physiological investigation of captive mortality in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). Transactions of the 20th North American Wildlife Conference: 476-494.
Williams, T. M., R A. Kastelein, R W. Davis, and J. A. Thomas. 1988. The effects of oil contamination and cleaning on sea otters (Enhydra lutris). I. Thermoregulatory implications based on pelt studies. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66 (12): 2776-81.
